Post-Fall Intervention on Asphalt: First Aid and Precautions

Asphalt is a hard and rough surface, which can cause serious injuries when fallen on. Whether riding a bicycle, running, or walking inattentively, falling on asphalt can lead to scrapes, deep wounds, bone fractures, and head trauma. In this article, we will discuss common injuries resulting from falls on asphalt, first aid procedures, and preventive measures in detail.

Common Injuries from Falling on Asphalt

Since asphalt is a solid surface, injuries resulting from falls can be quite severe. Here are the most common injuries caused by falls on asphalt:

1. Skin Abrasions and Superficial Wounds

  • The most frequent injury from falling on asphalt is skin abrasions.
  • The knees, elbows, and palms are the most affected areas.
  • While minor abrasions heal naturally, deeper wounds may carry a risk of infection.

2. Soft Tissue Injuries (Bruises and Contusions)

  • The impact of falling on a hard surface can damage capillaries, causing bruises and swelling.
  • These are commonly seen on the hips, knees, and elbows.

3. Fractures and Dislocations

  • Falling on a hard surface can cause fractures or dislocations, especially in the wrist, elbow, shoulder, or ankle.
  • In cases of falling from a height, spinal fractures may also occur.

4. Head Trauma and Concussions

  • Hitting the head on a hard surface can lead to serious brain concussions.
  • Symptoms may include headaches, dizziness, nausea, and loss of consciousness.
  • In severe cases, immediate medical attention is required.

First Aid Steps After Falling on Asphalt

Quick and proper first aid can reduce the severity of the injury and speed up the healing process. Here are the essential first aid steps to take after a fall:

1. Calm the Injured Person and Assess the Situation

  • The injured person may be in shock or panic. First, help them stay calm.
  • If they are conscious, ask them where they feel pain and how they are feeling.
  • If there is a loss of consciousness, head trauma, or suspected fractures, call 911 (or the emergency number in your country) immediately.

2. Stop the Bleeding

  • If there is an open wound, apply direct pressure with a clean cloth or sterile bandage.
  • If the bleeding is excessive and cannot be controlled, seek emergency medical assistance.

3. Clean the Wound and Prevent Infection

  • Clean minor abrasions and wounds gently with clean water and an antiseptic solution.
  • Cover the wound with a sterile gauze pad to prevent infection.
  • If the wound is deep or contaminated, seek medical attention to determine if a tetanus shot is needed.

4. Apply Ice to Reduce Swelling and Bruising

  • Use an ice pack on bruises or swollen areas to reduce inflammation.
  • Do not apply ice directly to the skin; wrap it in a cloth before applying for 10-15 minutes.
  • This will help minimize swelling and pain.

5. Avoid Moving Suspected Fractures or Dislocations

  • If you suspect a fracture, keep the injured area immobilized and seek medical help immediately.
  • Avoid moving the injured person if the fracture is in the wrist, elbow, shoulder, or leg.

6. Monitor for Head Trauma Symptoms

  • If the head has hit the ground, watch for signs of a concussion, such as nausea, dizziness, or loss of consciousness.
  • If a serious head injury is suspected, seek medical assistance immediately.

7. Manage Pain and Provide Support

  • For minor pain, over-the-counter pain relievers may help, but consult a doctor before taking medication.
  • If walking becomes difficult, provide support or seek medical attention.

Preventing Falls on Asphalt: Safety Measures

To reduce the risk of falling, consider the following preventive measures:

1. Wear Proper Footwear

  • Use shoes with non-slip soles to reduce the risk of slipping and falling.

2. Wear Protective Gear While Biking or Riding a Scooter

  • Helmets, knee pads, and elbow pads can prevent severe injuries in case of a fall.

3. Walk and Run with Awareness

  • Be extra cautious on wet or slippery asphalt surfaces.
  • Avoid distractions like looking at your phone while walking or running.

4. Improve Nighttime Visibility with Reflective Clothing

  • If you walk at night, wear reflective clothing to increase visibility to drivers and others.

5. Supervise Children on Hard Surfaces

  • Ensure children are cautious when running on asphalt.
  • Choose safer playgrounds with softer surfaces to reduce injury risks.

Conclusion

Falling on hard surfaces like asphalt can cause serious injuries. However, with proper first aid and preventive measures, the impact of such accidents can be minimized. Essential first aid steps include stopping bleeding, cleaning wounds, reducing swelling, and immobilizing suspected fractures. Remember, taking safety precautions can significantly reduce the risk of falling and injuries.